Monday, January 30, 2017

特朗普与普京通电话,发出美俄关系破冰信号

(纽约时报中文网2017129
  按:川普已与英、德、法、澳大利亚和日本领导人通话,承诺保卫日本的安全,并邀请日本首相安倍于下月10日访美,唯独未与中国领导人通话。其“联俄制中”的战略似乎不是空穴来风。
  特朗普总统与俄罗斯总统普京周六进行了一个小时的电话谈话,誓言修复两国关系,开启美俄外交新时期。
  双方谈及反恐和扩大经济往来,但基本未涉及两国围绕乌克兰问题的分歧。2014年,俄罗斯兼并克里米亚,支持乌克兰东部的分裂主义战争;由此引发的冲突几乎把美俄拖入新的冷战。两国官员说,关于美国是否撤销对俄制裁的问题,在谈话中未被提及。
  据报道,特朗普与普京的谈话是融洽的,说明奥巴马时期破裂的双边关系开始出现转机。“这次积极的通话是一个重要的开始,开始改善美国与俄罗斯之间需要修复的关系,”特朗普政府的一份声明说。“特朗普总统和普京总统都希望,今天的通话之后,双方可以迅速行动起来,应对恐怖主义和其他双方关心的重要问题。”
  这是特朗普就任总统之后第一次与俄罗斯总统直接通话,意在为将来可能实现的会晤做好铺垫。
  美国情报机构已经得出结论,俄罗斯曾通过黑客攻击、政治宣传等手段,有组织地影响美国大选,帮助特朗普获胜。在多次质疑这种说法之后,特朗普改口,接受了情报界的结论。情报官员还曾向奥巴马和特朗普汇报一批神秘文件,其中写到俄罗斯收集了不利于特朗普的“黑材料”。
  美国和欧洲针对俄罗斯干预乌克兰事务的行为,对俄罗斯实施了一系列制裁。离任前,奥巴马又增加了制裁事项,并驱逐了35名俄罗斯外交官,报复俄罗斯干预美国大选一事。
  尽管周六的通话没有提及制裁,但有俄官员认为,双方提及增强贸易往来,这预示着制裁将会减轻。
下面为报道原文未译之三段。
Still, a leading member of Russia’s Parliament, Dmitri Novikov, said that mention of bolstering trade ties suggested that sanctions relief was coming. “To fully develop economic ties, it’s necessary to create the right climate and legal conditions, and that requires canceling sanctions,” he told the Interfax news agency.
Others seemed to be expecting the same. Soon after the call, a Russian government investment fund, the Russian Direct Investment Fund, announced it had arranged more than 10 projects it hoped could draw American investment to Russia, and that it planned to open an office in New York in May.
Mr. Trump also spoke on Saturday with Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull of Australia and Prime Minister Shinzo Abe of Japan. He invited Mr. Abe to visit the White House on Feb. 10. “President Trump affirmed the ironclad U.S. commitment to ensuring the security of Japan,” the administration said in a statement, a commitment that had been in doubt among some in Tokyo after some of Mr. Trump’s statements during the campaign.